There is some debate about where this idiomatic term first originated. They both diverted attention from the original question by using red herrings. Instead, Obama talked about catching violence before it gets out of control, and Romney focused on good schools and raising children in two-parent homes. In fact, Verbal’s entire persona was a red herring in the last scene we see him leave the detective office and drop his limp.Ģ012 Presidential Debate: In the second debate between Mitt Romney and Barack Obama, a woman asks how the two men will “limit the availability of assault weapons.” Neither man answered that specific question. Verbal leaves the office after completing the story, and only then does one detective realize that most of the names and details from Verbal’s story are found within the office itself, and therefore are all red herrings. As the movie goes on, the story becomes more complicated both for the detectives and for the viewers. He tells a story to detectives about what happened on the night of an explosion. The Usual Suspects: This 1995 movie features Kevin Spacey as the crippled, reclusive Roger “Verbal” Kint. Straw man: Misrepresenting an opponent’s stance in order to refute that false argument and create the illusion that one has defeated the opponent.Bandwagon Effect: Asserting that something must be true because everyone says that it is true.Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc (also known as Post Hoc): Identifying false causality, basing a conclusion solely on the chronology of events.Either-Or Fallacy: Creating a false dichotomy to oversimplify a situation.Non Sequitur: Making a jump in logic so that there is no connective tissue from one statement to the next.Ad Hominem Attacks: Insulting someone’s character to undermine that person, instead of focusing on the strength of the person’s arguments.There are several other examples of intentional informal fallacies: The definition of red herring when used in literature, however, is that it is intentional. In the real world, a red herring may be unintentional (for example, any evidence in a real detective case that later proves to be irrelevant). Thus, even if the evidence is true, and therefore the logic is sound, the reasoning that connects the evidence with the conclusion is faulty. An informal fallacy will often include irrelevant evidence to persuade a reader or listener to believe a false conclusion. While a formal fallacy contains a flaw in logic, an informal fallacy is an argument that often contains a flaw in reasoning. Red herrings are an example of an informal fallacy.
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